Thank you for this bug report. To properly diagnose the problem, we
need a short but complete example script to be able to reproduce
this bug ourselves.

A proper reproducing script starts with <?php and ends with ?>,
is max. 10-20 lines long and does not require any external
resources such as databases, etc. If the script requires a
database to demonstrate the issue, please make sure it creates
all necessary tables, stored procedures etc.

Please avoid embedding huge scripts into the report.

<?php

$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT 1 FROM TABLE WHERE ID = 1");
$stmt->execute();

while($row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)){
   echo "First fetch \n";
}

while($row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC,PDO::FETCH_ORI_ABS,0)){
   echo "Second fetch \n";
}

?>

$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT 1 FROM TABLE WHERE ID = 1");

should likely be

$stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT 1 FROM TABLE WHERE ID = 1", [PDO::ATTR_CURSOR => PDO::CURSOR_SCROLL]);

I tried with [PDO::ATTR_CURSOR => PDO::CURSOR_SCROLL]

But it the bug still persist.

I noticed that this is actually a duplicate of bug #63466.

Yes, I have seen that too. But have not been fix since. Its PHP 8 now in beta :)