Description:
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There is a special feature in header() function that updates both HTTP status line and response code when the input is starts with "HTTP/" (case insensitive),

header() function tries to parse the new HTTP status code from input string by calling atoi() from the first non-whitespace substring after string "HTTP/". And updates the response code as atoi()'s result, and copies the HTTP status line to the raw response without any validation.

https://github.com/php/php-src/blob/master/main/SAPI.c#L550

This can cause following two problems.
1. Very wrong format of HTTP status line (which can cause variant problems in browsers)
2. Mismatch of the SAPI response code and HTTP status line due to the overflow of atoi



Test script:
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<?php
header("HTTP/1.1 4294967496 aaa");

Expected result:
----------------
header() should be failed

Actual result:
--------------
(built-in PHP server)
[Sun Nov 21 05:39:04 2021] 127.0.0.1:43808 [200]: GET /sc
[Sun Nov 21 05:39:04 2021] 127.0.0.1:43808 Closing

(Raw HTTP response message)
HTTP/1.1 4294967496 aaa
Date: Sun, 21 Nov 2021 05:39:04 GMT
Connection: close
X-Powered-By: PHP/8.0.13
Content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

(curl)
$ curl localhost:1234/sc.php
curl: (1) Unsupported HTTP version in response

(Chrome)
https://imgur.com/a/DQT8qqZ

(Firefox)
https://imgur.com/naIbwVV

(Safari)
https://imgur.com/gtADjss