Description:
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DSN string is currently parsed internally but isn't exposed via public API. It would be especially useful for database backup tools, migrations etc. where it's important to get database name, username etc.

Test script:
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$connection = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test', $user, $password);

// mysql
echo $connection->getDriverName();

// localhost
echo $connection->getParameter('host');

// test
echo $connection->getParameter('dbname');