The Function though excellent doesn't follow the specs for csv's.
A csv should allow newlines within a quoted field.
I have written the workable solution in PHP code but don't feel confident enough to convert it to c code :)
Here is a test csv file
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this,34,23,"this has ""quotes"" 
and 
enters"
field,45,3,no_quotes
"this, has a comma",45,34,"comma and , some ""quotes"""
"THIS_ENDS_wITH_A_QUOTE""","45""",87,"COUPLE, OF , COMMAS AND QUOTES"""
",commafirst",89,7,"""quotes first"
normal,"""9",3,
--------------------------------

Here is the working code.
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function fgetcsvnew($filepointer){

  // INCASE FORMAT COMING FROM A WINDOWS MACHINE
  $importfile[$i] = ereg_replace("\r\n","\n",$importfile[$i]);
  $endofrecord = 0;
  $resultcounter = 0;
  while (!$endofrecord && ($currentline = fgets($filepointer,2048))){

    // LOOP THRU CURRENT LINE
    for($j=0; $j<strlen($currentline); $j++){
      // CHECK TO SEE IF THE CURRENT POSITION IS WITHIN A QUOTED FIELD
      switch($midfield){
        case 0:
          // THIS MARKS THE BEGINNING OF A QUOTED FIELD
          if ($currentline[$j] == "\""){   
            $midfield = 1;
          // THIS MARKS THE END OF THE CURRENT UNQUOTED FIELD
          }elseif($currentline[$j] == ","){
            $midfield = 0;
            $result = $buffer;
            $buffer = "";
          // THIS MARKS THE END OF THE CURRENT RECORD
          }elseif($currentline[$j] == "\n"){
            $midfield = 0;
            $result = $buffer;
            $buffer = "";
            $endofrecord = 1;
          }else{
          // STILL WITHIN A UNQUOTED FIELD SO STORE IN BUFFER
            $buffer .= $currentline[$j];
          }
          break;
        case 1:
          // CHECKS FOR THE FIRST QUOTE
          if ($currentline[$j] == "\""){
            // CHECKS FOR THE SECOND ESCAPED QUOTE
            if ($currentline[$j+1] == "\""){
              // ADD THE ESCAPED QUOTE TO THE BUFFER
              $buffer .= "\"";
              $j++;  // SKIP LINE POINTER FORWARD ONE.
            // THIS MARKS THE END OF A QUOTED FIELD.
            }else{
              $midfield = 0;
              $result = $buffer;
              $buffer = "";
            }
          // STILL WITHIN A QUOTED FIELD SO STORE IN BUFFER
          }else{
            $buffer .= $currentline[$j];
          }
          break;
        }
      // CHECK TO SEE IF RESULT EXISTS, THE TRIM IS NEEDED AS THE END OF THE RECORD CONTAINS A \n AND THIS SHOULD BE IGNORED.
      if(trim($result)){
        $resultarray[$resultcounter] = $result;
        $resultcounter++;
        $result = 0;
      }
    }
  }
  if (is_array($resultarray)){
    return($resultarray);
  }else{
    return(-1);
  }
} 
// test for the function above
	
  $fp = fopen("test.csv", "r");
  $k = 0;
  while(is_array($test = fgetcsvnew($fp)) && ($k++<10)){
    echo "---$k--------------------------------------------\n";
    for ($i=0; $i<count($test);$i++){
      echo "**\n".$test[$i]."\n";
    }
  }

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