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Bug #45030 Destination image alpha channel noise when using imagecopyresampled
Submitted: 2008-05-17 21:43 UTC Modified: 2008-07-31 09:22 UTC
From: lieyang at yahoo dot com Assigned: pajoye (profile)
Status: Closed Package: GD related
PHP Version: 5.2.6 OS: x86_64 GNU/Linux Kernel 2.6.9-4
Private report: No CVE-ID: None
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 [2008-05-17 21:43 UTC] lieyang at yahoo dot com
Description:
------------
When resizing a 24 bit png image with imagecopyresampled, the destination image alpha channel contains noise where it should be completely transparent. When the re-sized image is displayed on Motorola phones with only 4 levels of transparency, 
the image shows many dark dots.

If we replace imagecopyresampled with imagecopyresized in the following sample reproduce code, the problem goes away.

Reproduce code:
---------------
 
$imageSrc = imagecreatefromstring($imageData);

$imageDst = imagecreatetruecolor($width, $height);
imagealphablending($imageDst, false);
$color = imagecolorallocatealpha($imageDst, 0, 0, 0, 127);
imagefill($imageDst, 0, 0, $color);
imagesavealpha($imageDst, true);

imagecopyresampled($imageDst,$imageSrc,	$dst_x, $dst_y,	$src_x, $src_y,	$dst_w, $dst_h,	$src_w, $src_h);

Expected result:
----------------
Completely transparent regions should still be completely transparent in destination image.

Actual result:
--------------
Destination image alpha channel noise (some pixel values that should be fully transparent have different value "2").
You can see the noise all over the transparent regions with any graphics tools (for example, color selection with gimp).


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 [2008-05-17 22:43 UTC] pajoye@php.net
Please provide me the source image and the result you get. You can use http://bugs.libgd.org as well as you can add attachments to your report.
 [2008-05-17 22:48 UTC] pajoye@php.net
no need for src images :-)
 [2008-05-17 22:52 UTC] pajoye@php.net
In fact yes, I need the source image (what you have in $imageData). Sorry for the double posts.
 [2008-05-17 23:11 UTC] rasmus@php.net
We need a better reproducible example here, including the source image.  When the source image has a perfect alpha channel, I see no noise.  Try this:

$imageSrc = imagecreatetruecolor(500, 500);
imagealphablending($imageSrc, false);
imagesavealpha($imageSrc, true);
$color = imagecolorallocatealpha($imageSrc, 0, 0, 0, 127);
imagefill($imageSrc, 0, 0, $color);
$imageDst = imagecreatetruecolor(50, 50);
imagealphablending($imageDst, false);
imagesavealpha($imageDst, true);
imagecopyresampled($imageDst,$imageSrc, 0, 0, 0, 0, 50, 50, 500, 500);

header('Content-type: image/png');
imagepng($imageDst);

 [2008-05-18 03:41 UTC] lieyang at yahoo dot com
Please try the following with different image sizes and you will see that the alpha channel has noise.

(I have two original before and after images but can not find the link to upload them as attachments)

$imageSrc = imagecreatetruecolor(90, 90);
imagealphablending($imageSrc, false);
imagesavealpha($imageSrc, true);
$color = imagecolorallocatealpha($imageSrc, 0, 0, 0, 127);
imagefill($imageSrc, 0, 0, $color);

$imageDst = imagecreatetruecolor(56, 56);
imagealphablending($imageDst, false);
imagesavealpha($imageDst, true);

imagecopyresampled($imageDst,$imageSrc, 0, 0, 0, 0, 56, 56, 90, 90);

header('Content-type: image/png');
imagepng($imageDst);
 [2008-05-18 03:51 UTC] lieyang at yahoo dot com
Here are my test source image (png 90x90): http://tinyurl.com/65tdtm
Resized to 56x56 with noise in alpha channel: http://tinyurl.com/6yold7
 [2008-05-18 10:29 UTC] pajoye@php.net
The 56x56 image looks perfectly fine to me. I also checked the alpha values for the translucent areas and they look fine too (full translucent when they are not near the star anti aliased pixels, as expected).

To see how is the alpha channel in the result image, please look at this zoomed version of the alpha channel only:

http://pierre.libgd.org/bugs/45030_alpha_only.png

100% black means opaque and the gray squares are only to show a background (what would be behind the image). As you can see, there is no noise in the transparent areas.

Are you sure that there is not a bug in the Motorola display system? Maybe it does not support semi transparent pixels.
 [2008-05-18 16:14 UTC] lieyang at yahoo dot com
You can see the noise on both my 56x56 image and image generated from Rasmus's reproducing code sample with resizing from 90x90 to 50x50 (I am not talking about the anti-aliasing areas :)

GIMP: Tools > Selection Tools > By Color select, click a few spots in the empty region of the image and you will see the noise being selected.

Paint.net: use the color select tool and click a few times on the empty region of the image, some pixels will display the transparency as 2.

(thank you so much for your quick response!)
 [2008-05-18 18:12 UTC] pajoye@php.net
Right, there is a alpha values between 0 and 2. This is a little rounding issue in the interpolation function.

As it is not relevant when you use the full range of the 8bit (7bit in gd 2.0.x internals), it could cause some troubles when you introduce more errors while using only 4bits. 

The worst case will end with an error twice bigger than the original one. That's certainly why you see the little black pixels.

Here is an attempt to minimize the error in the edge of the alpha values:

http://pierre.libgd.org/patches/bug45030.txt

It should fix non obvious errors like the one you had.


 [2008-05-29 21:07 UTC] lieyang at yahoo dot com
We have verified the fix resolved our problem. Thank you very much! Do you have any estimate on when the fix will make into the stable branch?
 [2008-07-13 16:22 UTC] jani@php.net
Pierre, the fix worked, commit?
 [2008-07-31 09:22 UTC] rasmus@php.net
Applied.
 
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